In the development of new energy vehicles, overall design, comprehensive performance analysis, control strategy for powertrain-related controllers, and controller development typically require substantial human resources, material investment, and development time. The application of HIL simulation technology provided by KeLiang enables rapid system modeling, vehicle performance evaluation, and optimization of various parameters. This solution replaces certain actual controlled objects with real-time simulation models running on highspeed computers, connecting them with target controllers under development to form an integrated system for testing and verifying control system functions. The solution offered by KeLiang not only addresses the oversimplification and idealization of realworld conditions in pure offline computer simulations but also overcomes the constraints of long durations and high costs in physical testing. It is a practical engineering approach that shortens development cycles while reducing development expenses.

The powertrain solutions provided by KeLiang cover engine EMS testing, transmission (AT/AMT/CVT) controllers, and development and testing of vehicle dynamicsrelated systems (EPS, ESP).

• Engine Control Unit (ECU/EMS) HIL Testing

• Transmission (AT/AMT/CVT) HIL Testing

• Vehicle Powertrain-related Systems (EPS, ESP)

Highprecision signal generation/capture is implemented through FPGA, enabling highspeed processing and transmission to highspeed multicore CPUs. Highspeed CPU computing performs dynamic model calculations, achieving highresponse, lowlatency closedloop simulation.

The event capture module monitors rising/falling edges of pulse signals. In a typical engine management control system (ECU), all injection and ignition signals are processed by the FPGAbased time capture module.

基于FPGA的同步模型可模拟发动机的所有信号包括：

• 曲轴

• 凸轮轴

• 启动信号

• 点火信号

燃油油路信号

• FPGAbased synchronous models can emulate all engine signals, including:

• Crankshaft

• Camshaft

• Starter signal

• Ignition signal

• Fuel circuit signal

Depending on the engine piston type, knock sensors vary. The FPGA knock signal emulation module can emulate different knock conditions.

The powertrain HIL simulation & testing system is compatible with industry‑standard model software packages, such as:

• CarSim

• LMS Imagine.Lab

• DYNA4 Engine Themos

• AVL Cruise

• GT-Power